Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Nature. 2022 February 9; Volume 602 (Issue 7896); 207-210.; DOI:10.1038/d41586-022-00324-y
Swaminathan S, Pecoul B, Abdullah H, Christou C, Gray G, et al.
Nature. 2022 February 9; Volume 602 (Issue 7896); 207-210.; DOI:10.1038/d41586-022-00324-y
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
PLOS Med. 2015 May 11; Volume 12 (Issue 5); DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001831
Balsegaram M, Brechot C, Farrar J, Heymann D, Ganguly N, et al.
PLOS Med. 2015 May 11; Volume 12 (Issue 5); DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001831
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
Trop Med Int Health. 1999 October 1; Volume 4 (Issue 10); 674-685.; DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1999.00474.x
Stich AH, Biays S, Odermatt P, Men C, Saem C, et al.
Trop Med Int Health. 1999 October 1; Volume 4 (Issue 10); 674-685.; DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1999.00474.x
In the province of Kracheh, in Northern Cambodia, a baseline epidemiological survey on Schistosoma mekongi was conducted along the Mekong River between December 1994 and April 1995. The results of household surveys of highly affected villages of the East and the West bank of the river and of school surveys in 20 primary schools are presented. In household surveys 1396 people were examined. An overall prevalence of infection of 49.3% was detected by a single stool examination with the Kato-Katz technique. The overall intensity of infection was 118.2 eggs per gram of stool (epg). There was no difference between the population of the east and west shore of the Mekong for prevalence (P = 0.3) or intensity (P = 0.9) of infection. Severe morbidity was very frequent. Hepatomegaly of the left lobe was detected in 48.7% of the population. Splenomegaly was seen in 26.8% of the study participants. Visible diverted circulation was found in 7.2% of the population, and ascites in 0.1%. Significantly more hepatomegaly (P = 0.001), splenomegaly (P = 0. 001) and patients with diverted circulation (P = 0.001) were present on the west bank of the Mekong. The age group of 10-14 years was most affected. The prevalence of infection in this group was 71.8% and 71.9% in the population of the West and East of the Mekong, respectively. The intensity of infection was 172.4 and 194.2 epg on the West and the East bank, respectively. In the peak age group hepatomegaly reached a prevalence of 88.1% on the west and 82.8% on the east bank. In the 20 schools 2391 children aged 6-16 years were examined. The overall prevalence of infection was 40.0%, ranging from 7.7% to 72.9% per school. The overalls mean intensity of infection was 110.1 epg (range by school: 26.7-187.5 epg). Both prevalence (P = 0.001) and intensity of infection (P = 0.001) were significantly higher in schools on the east side of the Mekong. Hepatomegaly (55.2%), splenomegaly (23.6%), diverted circulation (4. 1%), ascites (0.5%), reported blood (26.7%) and mucus (24.3%) were very frequent. Hepatomegaly (P = 0.001), splenomegaly (P = 0.001), diverted circulation (P = 0.001) and blood in stool (P = 0.001) were significantly more frequent in schools of the east side of the Mekong. Boys suffered more frequently from splenomegaly (P = 0.05), ascites (P = 0.05) and bloody stools (P = 0.004) than girls. No difference in sex was found for the prevalence and intensity of infection and prevalence of hepatomegaly. On the school level prevalence and intensity of infection were highly associated (r = 0. 93, P = 0.0001). The intensity of infection was significantly associated only with the prevalence of hepatomegaly (r = 0.44, P = 0. 05) and blood in stool (r = 0.40, P = 0.02). This comprehensive epidemiological study documents for the first time the public health importance of schistosomiasis mekongi in the Province of Kracheh, Northern Cambodia and points at key epidemiological features of this schistosome species, in particular the high level of morbidity associated with infection.
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Lancet. 2017 November 11; Volume 390 (Issue 10108); 2211-2214.; DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31224-2
Perkins MD, Dye C, Balasegaram M, Brechot C, Mombouli JV, et al.
Lancet. 2017 November 11; Volume 390 (Issue 10108); 2211-2214.; DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31224-2
Diagnostics are crucial in mitigating the effect of disease outbreaks. Because diagnostic development and validation are time consuming, they should be carried out in anticipation of epidemics rather than in response to them. The diagnostic response to the 2014-15 Ebola epidemic, although ultimately effective, was slow and expensive. If a focused mechanism had existed with the technical and financial resources to drive its development ahead of the outbreak, point-of-care Ebola tests supporting a less costly and more mobile response could have been available early on in the diagnosis process. A new partnering model could drive rapid development of tests and surveillance strategies for novel pathogens that emerge in future outbreaks. We look at lessons learned from the Ebola outbreak and propose specific solutions to improve the speed of new assay development and ensure their effective deployment.
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Lancet. 2015 November 20; Volume 386 (Issue 10009); DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00946-0
Moon S, Sridhar D, Pate MA, Jha A, Clinton C, et al.
Lancet. 2015 November 20; Volume 386 (Issue 10009); DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00946-0