Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
Public Health Action. 21 June 2014; Volume 4 (Issue 2); 113-115.; DOI: 10.5588/pha.14.0018
Kanyerere H, Mganga A, Harries AD, Tayler-Smith K, Jahn A, et al.
Public Health Action. 21 June 2014; Volume 4 (Issue 2); 113-115.; DOI: 10.5588/pha.14.0018
From 2000 to 2012, Malawi scaled up antiretroviral therapy (ART) from <3000 to 404 905 persons living with HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome), representing an ART coverage of 40.6% among those living with HIV. During this time, annual tuberculosis (TB) notifications declined by 28%, from 28 234 to 20 463. Percentage declines in annual TB case notifications were as follows: new TB (26%), recurrent TB (40%), new smear-positive pulmonary TB (19%), new smear-negative pulmonary TB (42%), extra-pulmonary TB (19%), HIV-positive TB (30%) and HIV-negative TB (10%). The decline in TB notifications is associated with ART scale-up, supporting its value in controlling TB in high HIV prevalence areas in sub-Saharan Africa.
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Public Health Action. 21 June 2014; Volume 3 (Issue 3); DOI:10.5588/pha.13.0018
Kanyerere H, Mganga A, Harries AD, Tayler-Smith K, Jahn A, et al.
Public Health Action. 21 June 2014; Volume 3 (Issue 3); DOI:10.5588/pha.13.0018
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
Public Health Action. 21 June 2015; Volume 5 (Issue 2); 116-118.; DOI:10.5588/pha.14.0109
Kanyerere H, Mganga A, Harries AD, Tayler-Smith K, Zachariah R, et al.
Public Health Action. 21 June 2015; Volume 5 (Issue 2); 116-118.; DOI:10.5588/pha.14.0109
Between 2000 and 2012, the annual numbers of patients treated for tuberculosis (TB) in Malawi declined by 28%, from 28 234 to 20 463. During this time, the proportion of TB patients tested for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increased from 6% to 87%. Most HIV-infected patients received cotrimoxazole preventive therapy, and the proportion receiving antiretroviral therapy increased to 88%. Between 2000 and 2008 there was a significant decline in all adverse outcomes (from 31% to 14%), and particularly in deaths (from 23% to 10%) and loss to follow-up (from 5.2% to 1.9%, P < 0.001). After 2008, there was no decrease in any adverse outcome. Ways to further reduce TB-associated mortality are discussed.